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| + | {{Updated|1|6|23}} |
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| + | {{CountryPageHeader|Solar_Cooking_Kozon_05-17.png|[[Togo Tilé]] established a self-supporting solar cooker business is Mali with a grant from [[Solar Cooking KoZon]] in 2014. In 2017 and after extensive analysis of the business, Togo Tilé was selected by a government program intended to stimulate private enterprise in Mali. A business expansion plan was established. Togo Tilé now reports that they have a thriving business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide, and an average monthly business volume of EUR 9,000. ''Photo credit: [[Solar Cooking KoZon]]''}} |
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==Events== |
==Events== |
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| + | {{MaliEvents}} |
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| − | See [[Calendar of events]] |
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| + | {{CalendarAndPastEvents}} |
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| − | ==News and Recent Developments== |
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| − | *'''November 2012: A successful project on integrated solar cooking in Ségou''' - In 2009, [[KoZon]], a Dutch NGO promoting solar cooking in the Sahel, and [[AFIMA]], a Malian NGO promoting the development of rural women, began a joint project in Ségou, a region of Mali where solar cookers had not been introduced. In five villages (Dioro, Babougou, Koila Bamanan, Kominé, Soké), they trained four groups of 25 women (selected by the village chiefs) in the practice of [[integrated cooking]]. They received kits containing: two [[CooKit]]s, to cook meals when the sun shines; a [[fuel-efficient woodstove]], for use when there’s no sun; and a [[heat-retention cooker]] to allow even more food to be cooked in the first two. In addition to a short hands-on training workshop, the project ensured that all participants were visited several times after the course to solve problems, and provide extra tips, and encouragement. In the final evaluation, in May 2012, external experts established that more than 80% of the participants--in some villages nearly 100%--used these technologies daily. As intended, they are now saving some 1,800 tons of fuel wood per year. The evaluators also found that many women appreciate having more free time each day, since they do not have to tend a fire when solar cooking or using the heat-retention cooker. They use their time for other activities including running small businesses. Buying less firewood also saves them a lot of money. It’s no surprise that the evaluators spoke of integrated cooking as a great means of relieving poverty! |
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| + | =={{FeaturedProjectTitle}}== |
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| − | *'''February 2012:''' [http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/women-engineers-promote-low-carbon-cooking-across-mali Women engineers promote low-carbon cooking across Mali] - ''AlertNet'' |
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| + | [[File:Togo_Tile_market_stall_2016.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Togo Tilé]]s products for sale at a local market. ''Photo credit: [[Solar Cooking KoZon]]'']] |
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| + | *{{NewFeb18}}'''Continued success for solar cooking business in Mali''' - In 2014, [[Solar Cooking KoZon]] granted [[Togo Tilé]], a Mali-based solar cooking business run by Seydou Coulibaly, an initial subsidy of EUR 13,300. Two years later, it was an established business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide, and an average monthly business volume of EUR 9,000. Helping the environment is an important message presented at sales demonstrations and at schools and universities. For Togo Tilé, a contribution to the environment does not end with the sale of the product, as they continue to support and follow-up with their customers. |
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| + | {{SignificantProjectLink}} |
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| + | =={{HeadingNews}}== |
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| − | [[File:Deborah_Dao_2009_Mali.jpg|thumb|170px|Deborah Dao as she cooks a meal for her family]] |
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| + | *{{NewApr20}}'''April 2020:''' [https://www.pv-magazine.com/2020/04/07/mali-exempts-solar-from-vat-import-duties/ Mali Removes VAT and Import Duties for Solar] - ''pv magazine'' |
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| − | *'''December 2009:''' [http://zacstravaganza.blogspot.com/2009/12/emancipated-from-smoky-kitchen-by-power.html Emancipated from the Smoky Kitchen by the Power of the Sun]. Deborah Dao cooks her family three square meals a day - a responsibility which in this economy requires nearly constant preparation and cooking. Most women spend all day pounding millet, mixing the batter, chopping firewod and fanning the flames to cook their family's toh, but here there is no burning hearth, no fire, no smoke. On a closer look, you can see that Deborah is cooking with a solar oven - a wonderful appliance made by local carpenters with their own wood and just a few imported materials which harnesses solar radiation to collect heat energy. |
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| + | *{{NewMay19}}'''May 2019:''' The production of solar cooking products by [[Togo Tilé]] is still going very well. In the first half of 2018, the monthly turnover was around EURO 1800. In that period, Togo Tilé sold 4,737 [[heat-retention cooker]]s, 499 [[solar box]]es, 45 [[Water Pasteurization Indicator]]s, 37 large [[parabolic solar cooker]]s, 432 {{Cat|Improved combustion stoves}}, 421 solar lighters, but only 32 [[CooKit]]s. There is much more demand for CooKits. Due to a shortage in supplies in polypropylene bags, Togo Tilé was unable to supply CooKits for a long time. The stock of bags has been replenished by [[Solar Cooking KoZon]] and sales of CooKits have increased again. |
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| − | *'''December 2009:''' [http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4789154,00.html Mali: Solar cooking revolutionizes womens' lives in the kitchen] - ''Deutsche Welle'' |
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| + | *{{NewApr18}}'''April 2018:''' [[Togo Tilé]]'s new workshop and ICS-shop in Segou is now ready and will be officially opened this month. There are 80 employees, all young and mostly women selling products in 17 locations throughout Mali. |
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| − | [[Image:Mariam_Toure_2008.jpg|left|thumb|170px|Mariam Toure proudly serves samples of her solar meal.]] |
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| − | *'''March 2008:''' The [[Association of Handicapped Women of Mali]] (AMAFH) continues to arrange solar cooker training for its members in Bamako, with organizational support from the [[Association of Women Engineers]] (AFIMA) and financial assistance from Dutch [[KoZon Foundation]]. In 2006, AMAFH taught 60 deaf and hard-of-hearing women how to use a [[CooKit]] solar cooker during a 2-day training. In a follow-up visit months later, at a school for deaf children, the women cooked a delicious solar feast. Fifty women with leprosy were trained in early 2007. With the loss of nerve sensation caused by the disease, traditional open fire cooking can be dangerous for these women because they can unknowingly get burned. Another benefit is that the women have increased status in the community because they now know something that most don’t: how to cook food with the sun. They said that with the CooKit they can prepare special recipes for their husbands, prepare groundnuts for their children, and even sell solar-cooked meat in the market. One remarkable woman, [[Mariam Toure]], has lost all but one finger. Yet, she already has plans to lead a training early this year for another group of women with the disease. AMAFH also led a 2-day solar cooking workshop for 20 mentally disabled women in late 2007, which was well received. ''Source: [[Wietske Jongbloed]]'' |
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| + | [[File:Solar_Cooking_Kozon_05-17.png|thumb|right|350px|Photo credit: [[Solar Cooking KoZon]]]] |
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| − | [[Image:Gnibouwa_Diassana_Nioro_du_Sahel_2008.jpg|right|350px]] |
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| + | *{{NewMay17}}'''May 2017:''' '''Solar Cooking KoZon (SCK) stimulates ISC private enterprises''' - In 2014, [[Solar Cooking KoZon]] granted [[Togo Tilé]], a Mali-based solar cooking business run by Seydou Coulibaly, an initial subsidy of EUR 13,300. Two years later, it’s a thriving business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide and an average monthly business volume of €4,000. The environment constitutes an important incentive; at sales demonstrations, at schools and universities, close attention is paid to the environmental aspects of solar cooking. For Seydou a contribution to the environment does not end with the sale of the product. Togo Tilé continues to support its customers for some time after the sale, to ensure that the products are truly integrated in daily cooking, to provide a lasting positive contribution to the environment. After extensive analysis of the business, Togo Tilé was selected by a government program intended to focus on stimulating private enterprise in Mali. A business expansion plan was established that included the construction of a bigger workshop and the acquisition of a saw and a welding machine. [http://solarcookingkozon.nl/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/newsletterDec2016.pdf More information...] |
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| − | *'''March 2008:''' Longtime solar cooker builder and promoter [[Gnibouwa Diassana]] reports that 40 solar box cookers have been assembled and distributed to villagers in Nioro du Sahel, near the border with [[Mauritania]]. Nioro du Sahel suffers from an acute shortage of firewood for cooking. Diassana says that a special cooking vessel has been made to accommodate the local staple of couscous with millet or corn. |
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| + | [[File:Togo_Tile'_solar_cookers_for_sale,_9-29-16.png|thumb|300px|[[Solar box cooker]]s available for sale at [[Togo Tilé]]. ''Photo credit: Solar Cooking KoZon'']] |
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| − | *'''September 2007:''' [[Zeneb Guisse]], a handicapped woman, reports that most people in Mali know about the solar [[CooKit]]. Since 2001 the the Foundation has financed more than 14 Cookit trainings. [[Handicap International]] has conducted one training and the UN Environment Program has also conducted one. A team from the national television is invited at every training (always on the budget and rather expensive) and broadcasts it then mostly the same evening with the news. This does not mean that it is being used by all the women who saw the broadcasts. Fifteen dollar for a CooKit and a pot is for a lot of women too expensive. Another big problem in Mali is the large families of 12 to 20 persons for whom the meals have to be cooked. Their pots are far too big to be used in the CooKit. It was first tried to solve the problem by using two CooKits. But that was not a solution, except for bachelors. With large [[Retained-heat cooking|hay baskets]] and hay bags (thanks to the model of [[David and Ruth Whitfield]]), in which the big pots can be put, [[Integrated cooking method|integrated cooking]] is now being introduced. |
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| + | *{{NewSep16}}'''September 2016:''' A sturdy [[solar box cooker]] developed by Henk Blok together with students of the Free University and the University of Amsterdam continues to be popular at the [[Togo Tilé]] retail store. Henk and Marjan Blok paid the start-up costs for the experiment with these boxes in [[Mali]]. Piet Sluimer, a member of the Techniques Work Group, has developed a cheaper cardboard solar box cooker (the smaller box on the right), which is also selling well. |
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| − | *'''April 2007:''' [[Gnibouwa Diassana]] of [[W.V.I. International]] reports on a project designed to improve the lives of women in the village of Nara in the west of Mali, not far from [[Mauritania]]. His organization brought 40 cookers to this area is in the deep Sahel with acute shortage of firewood. They report designing a special cooking vessel for couscous made with millet or corn, which is the local staple. |
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| − | |||
| + | [[File:KoZon_Mali_workshop_in_August_2016.png|thumb|300px|[[Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon]] provided solar cookers and [[hay basket]]s - ''Photo credit Solar Cooking KoZon'']] |
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| − | [[Image:Box_cooker_in_Mali.jpg|left|thumb|A wooden solar box cooker based on a model by Gnibouwa Diassana]] |
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| + | *{{NewSep16}}'''September 2016: Mali women with disabilities receive assistance with access to solar cooking''' - Sixty women from Bamako and Sikasso, [[Mali]], attended a workshop organized by [[Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon]] in August. With limited ability to gather wood for fuel, the solar cookers and [[hay basket]]s have reduced their wood use by 60 to 70%. [http://solarcookingkozon.nl/twee-nieuwe-projecten-voor-gehandicapten-in-mali/ Read more...] |
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| − | *'''November 2006:''' J.P. Martin-Vallas of Montpellier, [[France]] recently traveled with his partner to Mali. They took two solar cookers — a box-type cooker based on a design by [[Gnibouwa Diassana]] of Bla, Mali and an [[SK-14]] parabolic-type cooker. [[Image:Parabolic_cooker_in_Mali.jpg|right]] The pair visited several experienced solar cooker promoters: Diassana; [[Bernard Ledea Ouedraogo]] of [[Burkina Faso]], who assembles [[SK-14]]s; and [[Maï Kamate]], who works with carpenters to make solar box cookers based on a [[Bolivia Inti]] design. They also met with solar cooks and led a few solar cooking demonstrations at hotels and markets they patronized. Martin-Vallas saw several locally made and imported solar cookers, but many were in poor condition or seldom used. During the trip, Martin-Vallas inquired how much people spent on firewood. Prices from one city to another varied greatly depending on scarcity. Free [[firewood]] collection is still possible in some rural villages, particularly in the north. '''''Contact:''''' ''[[J.P. Martin-Vallas]]'' |
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| − | |||
| − | *'''Summer 2006:''' [[Solar Household Energy]]'s first bulk delivery of [[HotPot]]s arrived this summer in Mali, West Africa. The container of 1,000 cookers was purchased by a Malian energy services company which has promoted solar cooking in Mali for a number of years and will be a regional distributor of HotPots. To learn more about our West Africa programs, go [http://www.she-inc.org/art.php?id=56 here]. |
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| − | |||
| − | [[Image:Gnibouwa_Diassana_with_cookers_and_painting.jpg|thumb|left|Gnibouwa Diassana with several of his solar box cookers''']] |
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| − | *'''August 2006:''' [[Gnibouwa Diassana]] of [[Wikipedia:Bla|Bla]] won a "2006 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashden_Award Ashden Award for Sustainable Energy]" worth 2,500 pounds sterling. The funds will enable his project [[Sun for All]] to increase production of cookers and to reach out to more women's groups and other community organizations. Diassana has built a variety of solar cookers, plus a [[Solar food dryers|solar food dryer]] and solar water heater. Most of the 95 solar cookers he has built are of the box type with three reflectors, based on a design by the Swiss organization [[Group ULOG]]. He has found homes for most of the cookers with organizations of artisans, nonprofits, women's groups and individual families. He reports that the cookers have been adapted for Mali and can be constructed with locally available materials and tools, even in remote areas. To facilitate getting cookers into the hands of people who need them, Diassana has sold cookers at half price or on credit. He has been able to follow up directly with most of the users and observes that they are using less conventional fuel. He estimates that about 950 people have directly benefited from his cookers, while 10,000 more have witnessed solar cooking at his exhibitions and demonstrations. Radio and television coverage has spread the word further. Diassana reports that the effects of deforestation have become increasingly visible near Bla in the past few years, and that his work with solar cooking is meant to address this problem while also helping women save money and time and reduce their exposure to smoke. His project has received some outside support, but his personal donations have sometimes exceeded 40% of the project's budget. He credits [[Roger Bernard]] of France and [[Angela Calvo]] of Italy as his main solar cooking influences. With his new funds from England to promote Swiss-designed cookers, Diassana illustrates the international connectivity in solar cooking. |
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| − | {{clr}} |
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| + | *{{NewJan16}}'''December 2015:''' [[Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon]] reports: "We have carefully continued this trend in the latest project together with the [[Association des Femmes Ingénieurs du Mali]] (AFIMA) in Tiby, in the Segou area. Eight hundred and fifty Women have been trained. From this group, four cooperatives have been created. They were to continue as businesses that would disseminate solar cooking while being coached by AFIMA. However, our partner has decided that it prefers to continue with other charitable projects. We are therefore going our separate ways. We will have the new Renewable Energy Centre near Mbarara ISC, and information and promotion in Ethiopia for the time being. It is regrettable because AFIMA has been of great value in the dissemination of ISC in Mali. To ensure that the cooperatives will be able to continue, we are attempting to link them to the [[Togo Tilé]] project." |
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| − | ==The History of Solar Cooking in Mali== |
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| + | [[File:Braced_Mali1.jpeg|thumb|right|300px|Photo credit: Braced]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *'''December 2015: Forty-five women receive training on Integrated Cooking Method''' - 45 women from the towns of Koulikoro, Segou and Mopti were provided with [[CooKits]], [[Heat-retention cooking|heat-retention cookers]], and training on the [[Integrated Cooking Method]] as part of the Community Initiatives Project Building Resilience to Climate for Extreme (RIC4REC), an effort to preserve natural resources in Mali. {{GoogleLinkAuto|http://www.boliviainti-sudsoleil.org/IMG/pdf/newsletter_juillet.pdf|More information...}}. |
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| ⚫ | [[Desertification]] |
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| + | [[File:UNDP_1.png|thumb|right|300px|Photo credit: United Nations Development Programme]] |
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| − | Researchers at the University of Torino, studying the problem, have experimented |
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| + | *'''June 2015: UNDP trains blacksmiths to build solar cookers''' - In its recently published Annual Report, the United Nations Development Program highlighted its program in rural Mali which trained local village blacksmiths to build solar cookers, solar dryers, and water heaters. Local residents also had solar panels installed on their homes. Roughly 30,000 people have reportedly benefited from this program. [http://annualreport.undp.org Read more...] |
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| ⚫ | with a wide range of fuel-saving devices, dryers, water heaters, solar lighting panels, and solar cookers. (As one researcher said-, "Every day when I get up (and look at the sun), I see all that energy going to waste.) Considerable study done under the auspices of the University, with joint efforts of the Faculty of Agricultural Science and the Interdepartmental Centre of Women's Studies, has included surveys, interviews, and field analyses of both problems and some suggested solutions. Local associations |
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| + | [[File:Sun_and_Ice_school_cookers_in_Mali,_1-19-15.png|thumb|300px|Mid-day meal being prepared at Mali school - ''[[Sun and Ice]]'']] |
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| + | *'''January 2015: Only the cooking food is out in the sun at this Mali school''' - [[Stephan Zech]], with [[Sun and Ice]], posted this photo of a mid-day meal being prepared at a school in Mali. |
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| + | [[File:SDC11500.jpg|thumb|300px|[[World Vision Mali]] trains students to use various type of solar cookers.]] |
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| + | {{OldNewsLink}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | managed in these circumstances to make and sell around 50 cookers of the wooden box |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | =={{HeadingHistory}}== |
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| − | Another project created by an individual is the work of Lanseri Niare, who has |
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| − | been introducing box cookers, both by teaching people how to build their own cooker |
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| ⚫ | and how to use the box when built. Major problems encountered in this project |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | [[Desertification]] continues to be an immense problem in this part of Africa. It was reported that only 10% of the land has any forest cover, and deforestation has continued to occur. As in other areas, clearing land for agriculture and grazing was assumed to be the principal reason for the forests' decline, but there was also recognition that over 70% of wood production was used for cooking. Solar cooking offers one way to stem this unwanted development in Mali. |
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| ⚫ | auspices of the [[KoZon Foundation]], a Dutch organization that |
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| + | {{SubSection|University of Torino}} |
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| ⚫ | Researchers at the University of Torino, studying the problem, experimented with a wide range of fuel-saving devices, dryers, water heaters, solar lighting panels, and solar cookers. (As one researcher said-, "Every day when I get up (and look at the sun), I see all that energy going to waste.) Considerable study done under the auspices of the University, with joint efforts of the Faculty of Agricultural Science and the Interdepartmental Centre of Women's Studies, has included surveys, interviews, and field analyses of both problems and some suggested solutions. Local associations promoted various fuel saving devices. But in a nation without adequate communication channels (television or daily newspapers) and a population with only a 35% literacy rate, spreading new technology has been difficult. Radio broadcasting was thought to be the most promising dissemination media. Most important in this situation was the awareness of the problem, and the willingness to seek solutions. |
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| + | {{SubSection|Gnibouwa Diassana}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | managed in these circumstances to make and sell [[solar box cookers]]. He did this on his own, without assistance even from the NGO he has worked with on other types of projects. This sole person, working only with his son, had a promotion plan for an energy week and even a business plan that would permit expanded production of solar box cookers. He hoped to find partners among women's organizations, but he knew about resistance to change, and rigid gender-based roles, making it difficult for women to pursue the purchase of cookers. He was however a determined man, until he passed away in 2017. Pictures and story, [http://solarcooking.org/newsletters/scrmar03.htm Solar Cooker Review, March 2003]). |
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| + | {{SubSection|Lanseri Niare}} |
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| ⚫ | A project created by an individual was the work of Lanseri Niare, who introduced box cookers, both by teaching people how to build their own cooker and how to use the box when built. Major problems encountered in this project were glass breakage, termites if the box was used on the ground, and the Harmattan period (a severe windy season), which brought so much dust, that even when sunny, cooking was difficult) ([http://solarcooking.org/newsletters/scrdec98.htm Solar Cooker Review, Dec. 98]). |
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| + | {{SubSection|KoZon Foundation}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | auspices of the [[KoZon Foundation]], a Dutch organization that has been involved in the western African Sahelian nations. From a beginning in Burkina Faso (see above), the efforts of KoZon and its dedicated volunteer [[Wietske Jongbloed]], have introduced [[CooKit]]s in Mali since 2001. Wietzke has operated at a very grassroots level, taking cookers (mostly using [[CooKit]]s made in the Sahel to keep cost low) to marketplaces for demonstrations. The [[CooKit]]s themselves were initially imported from abroad, and then purchased from Burkina Faso. This operation, relatively new, has not yet been evaluated by KoZon, but gradually movied forward, in cooperation with the [[Association des Femmes Ingénieurs du Mali]]. |
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| + | {{ArchivedPagesForHistory}} |
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| + | =={{HeadingClimateCulture}}== |
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| − | ''[Information for this section was taken originally from [[Media:sam.pdf|State of the Art of Solar Cooking]] by Dr. [[Barbara Knudson]]]'' |
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| + | A 2010 report from Mali’s agriculture ministry said that more than 500,000 hectares of forest are cleared for firewood and charcoal each year in the West African country. But new ways of cooking, using solar power and [[heat-retention cooker]]s, could cut those losses.<ref>http://www.trust.org/item/?map=women-engineers-promote-low-carbon-cooking-across-mali</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | ==Climate, Culture, and Special Considerations== |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *Target cities where firewood is quite expensive, such as in Kayes, Niafunke, and Tombouctou |
+ | *Target cities where firewood is quite expensive, such as in Kayes, Niafunke, and Tombouctou |
| − | *Encourage dissemination by women |
+ | *Encourage dissemination by women |
| − | *Focus on durable box-type solar cookers that accommodate large cooking pots |
+ | *Focus on durable box-type solar cookers that accommodate large cooking pots |
| − | *Engage local carpenters to make the cookers |
+ | *Engage local carpenters to make the cookers |
| − | *Provide a five-year guarantee for each cooker sold |
+ | *Provide a five-year guarantee for each cooker sold |
J.P. Martin-Vallas concluded that imported parabolic-type solar cookers are currently too expensive for most Malians. One way to lower prices, he says, would be to import bulk aluminum sheets and cut panels on site. |
J.P. Martin-Vallas concluded that imported parabolic-type solar cookers are currently too expensive for most Malians. One way to lower prices, he says, would be to import bulk aluminum sheets and cut panels on site. |
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| − | The following chart shows some sample annual firewood expenditures for households of 10 people. (Note: 500 CFAs |
+ | The following chart shows some sample annual firewood expenditures for households of 10 people. (Note: In 2005, 500 CFAs was approximately USD $1.) <br> |
<table border="1"> |
<table border="1"> |
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</table> |
</table> |
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| − | '''Northern part of the country''': Desert (Sahel). '''Southern part of the country''': Sunny, little firewood, and populated. (Source: |
+ | '''Northern part of the country''': Desert (Sahel). '''Southern part of the country''': Sunny, little firewood, and populated. (Source: Juan Urrutia Sanz, 2010-Feb-25) |
| − | + | '''See also'''<br /> |
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| + | *{{WikipediaClimate|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Mauritania#Climate}} |
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| + | *{{NewMar20}}{{EnergySituationEnergypedia}} |
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*[[Africa#Northern_Africa|Discussion of northern Africa's suitability for solar cooking]]<br> |
*[[Africa#Northern_Africa|Discussion of northern Africa's suitability for solar cooking]]<br> |
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*[[Solar cooker dissemination and cultural variables]] |
*[[Solar cooker dissemination and cultural variables]] |
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==Resources== |
==Resources== |
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| + | {{ContinentInfo|Africa}} |
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| − | ===Possible [[funders]] for solar cooking projects in Mali=== |
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| − | *[http://www.kiva.org/ |
+ | *[http://www.kiva.org/partners/78 Soro Yiriwaso, a partner of Save the Children] |
| + | |||
| + | ==={{HeadingProjectEvals}}=== |
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| + | *{{NewJan17}}'''August 2006:''' [[Media:Digitally_Assisted_Diffusion_of_Innovations,_Carole_Laurent,_2-19-15.pdf|Digitally Assisted Diffusion of Innovations]] - ''[[Carole St. Laurent]]'' (A case is made to encourage the use of instructional videos made in local languages, over printed materials when introducing solar cooking.) |
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===Reports=== |
===Reports=== |
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*'''February 2006:''' [[Media:Rapport_solaire_Mali_2005-2006.pdf|Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2005-2006]] |
*'''February 2006:''' [[Media:Rapport_solaire_Mali_2005-2006.pdf|Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2005-2006]] |
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*'''July 2006:''' [[Media:Granada_Wietske_Jongbloed.pdf|Use of the CooKit by Handicapped Women in Mali]] - ''[[Wietske Jongbloed]]'' |
*'''July 2006:''' [[Media:Granada_Wietske_Jongbloed.pdf|Use of the CooKit by Handicapped Women in Mali]] - ''[[Wietske Jongbloed]]'' |
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| − | *'''March 2006:''' [[Media:Mali_solaire.pdf|Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2005-2006]] |
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===Discussion groups=== |
===Discussion groups=== |
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| + | ===Audio and video=== |
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| − | * [http://lescuiseurssolaires.aceboard.fr/ Le forum de la cuísson solaíre] |
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| + | *{{NewJan23}}'''January 2023:''' |
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| + | ::[[File:Cuisson solaire au Mali - Togo Tilé " Une activité qui rayonne"-2|400px|thumb|none|Togo Tilé founder, Seydou Coulibaly, explains how the [[parabolic solar cooker]] is used, and provides a tour of their solar cooker and [[heat-retention cooker]] manufacturing facility. (video in French)]] |
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| − | + | ==Articles in the media== |
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| + | *{{NewJan23}}'''January 2023:''' {{GoogleLinkAuto|https://malijet.co/societe/lutte-contre-la-deforestation-la-cuisson-solaire-un-tresor-sous-estime|Lutte contre la déforestation: La cuisson solaire, un trésor sous-estimé}} - ''Malijet'' |
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| − | |||
| + | *{{NewApr20}}'''April 2020:''' [https://www.pv-magazine.com/2020/04/07/mali-exempts-solar-from-vat-import-duties/ Mali Removes VAT and Import Duties for Solar] - ''pv magazine'' |
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| − | *'''February 2012:''' [http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/women-engineers-promote-low-carbon-cooking-across-mali Women engineers promote low-carbon cooking across Mali] - ''AlertNet'' |
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| − | *'''March 2009:''' [http://www.maliweb.net/category.php?NID=41683&intr= Promotion des énergies renouvelables : L'énergie solaire ou le pétrole sous-valorisé du Mali] - ''L'indépendent'' |
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*'''July 2004:''' [http://www.solarcooking.org/newsletters/scrjul04.htm#“Cooking_in_a_piece_of_cardboard_…_you_have_to_see_it_to_believe_it” "Cooking in a piece of cardboard … you have to see it to believe it"] - ''[[Wietske Jongbloed]]'' |
*'''July 2004:''' [http://www.solarcooking.org/newsletters/scrjul04.htm#“Cooking_in_a_piece_of_cardboard_…_you_have_to_see_it_to_believe_it” "Cooking in a piece of cardboard … you have to see it to believe it"] - ''[[Wietske Jongbloed]]'' |
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===External links=== |
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*[http://solarcooking.org/francais/solarcooking-faq-french.htm Questions courantes sur les fours solaires] |
*[http://solarcooking.org/francais/solarcooking-faq-french.htm Questions courantes sur les fours solaires] |
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[[Category:French-speaking countries]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:08, 16 January 2024
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Last edited: 6 January 2023
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 Togo Tilé established a self-supporting solar cooker business is Mali with a grant from Solar Cooking KoZon in 2014. In 2017 and after extensive analysis of the business, Togo Tilé was selected by a government program intended to stimulate private enterprise in Mali. A business expansion plan was established. Togo Tilé now reports that they have a thriving business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide, and an average monthly business volume of EUR 9,000. Photo credit: Solar Cooking KoZon
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Events[]
Featured international events[]
- 4-6 June 2024 (Bridgetown, Barbados): Sustainable Energy for All Global Forum - The event will be co-hosted by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) and the government of Barbados. It is a platform for government, business and finance leaders, entrepreneurs, and youth and community representatives from around the world to come together to broker new partnerships, spur new investment, and address challenges at the nexus of energy, climate, and development. More information...
Online events[]
- NEW: Thursday, 18 April 2024 (2:30pm-3:15pm EDT), (Washington, D.C., USA): ESMAP Spring Meetings Knowledge Café: Clean Cooking at the Heart of Energy Access - Join ESMAP for this exciting knowledge-sharing opportunity, which will showcase the role of clean cooking as a key part of energy access and energy transition. Presentations by René van Hell, Director of Inclusive Growth, Ministry of Foreign Affair, Netherlands, Dr. Kandeh Yumkella Chairman, Presidential Initiative on Climate, Renewable Energy and Food Security, Sierra Leone, and Chandrasekar Govindarajalu, Practice Manager, ESMAP, World Bank. In-person attendance at World Bank Atrium, MC Front Lobby is for Spring Meetings registrants only. However, you can watch the event online
Requests for proposal[]
- Decentralized Renewable Energy Solutions utilizing Solar and Bio-Energy - Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments of ScienceDirect, is requesting guest-author submissions. The special issue, VSI: DRES is devoted to publishing research articles reporting the innovative designs and design interventions in solar thermal and bio-energy for decentralized energy systems (DES). It includes i) new and novel designs of prototype or commercial devices and technologies, their development, modeling and simulations and experimental validation; ii) innovations for processes, techniques, utilization, and applications; iii) novel use of materials for improving efficiency, performance, techno-economic feasibility, and sustainability and iv) research findings addressing the socio-economic, health and safety impacts, and life cycle assessments leading to proposing novel devices for DES. The Deadline for submission is 31 July 2024. More submittal information...
- See also: Global Calendar of Events and past events in Mali
Most significant projects[]
Togo Tilés products for sale at a local market. Photo credit: Solar Cooking KoZon
- Continued success for solar cooking business in Mali - In 2014, Solar Cooking KoZon granted Togo Tilé, a Mali-based solar cooking business run by Seydou Coulibaly, an initial subsidy of EUR 13,300. Two years later, it was an established business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide, and an average monthly business volume of EUR 9,000. Helping the environment is an important message presented at sales demonstrations and at schools and universities. For Togo Tilé, a contribution to the environment does not end with the sale of the product, as they continue to support and follow-up with their customers.
News[]
- April 2020: Mali Removes VAT and Import Duties for Solar - pv magazine
- May 2019: The production of solar cooking products by Togo Tilé is still going very well. In the first half of 2018, the monthly turnover was around EURO 1800. In that period, Togo Tilé sold 4,737 heat-retention cookers, 499 solar boxes, 45 Water Pasteurization Indicators, 37 large parabolic solar cookers, 432 Improved combustion stoves, 421 solar lighters, but only 32 CooKits. There is much more demand for CooKits. Due to a shortage in supplies in polypropylene bags, Togo Tilé was unable to supply CooKits for a long time. The stock of bags has been replenished by Solar Cooking KoZon and sales of CooKits have increased again.
- April 2018: Togo Tilé's new workshop and ICS-shop in Segou is now ready and will be officially opened this month. There are 80 employees, all young and mostly women selling products in 17 locations throughout Mali.
Photo credit: Solar Cooking KoZon
- May 2017: Solar Cooking KoZon (SCK) stimulates ISC private enterprises - In 2014, Solar Cooking KoZon granted Togo Tilé, a Mali-based solar cooking business run by Seydou Coulibaly, an initial subsidy of EUR 13,300. Two years later, it’s a thriving business with 30 staff members, five points of sale nationwide and an average monthly business volume of €4,000. The environment constitutes an important incentive; at sales demonstrations, at schools and universities, close attention is paid to the environmental aspects of solar cooking. For Seydou a contribution to the environment does not end with the sale of the product. Togo Tilé continues to support its customers for some time after the sale, to ensure that the products are truly integrated in daily cooking, to provide a lasting positive contribution to the environment. After extensive analysis of the business, Togo Tilé was selected by a government program intended to focus on stimulating private enterprise in Mali. A business expansion plan was established that included the construction of a bigger workshop and the acquisition of a saw and a welding machine. More information...
Solar box cookers available for sale at Togo Tilé. Photo credit: Solar Cooking KoZon
- September 2016: A sturdy solar box cooker developed by Henk Blok together with students of the Free University and the University of Amsterdam continues to be popular at the Togo Tilé retail store. Henk and Marjan Blok paid the start-up costs for the experiment with these boxes in Mali. Piet Sluimer, a member of the Techniques Work Group, has developed a cheaper cardboard solar box cooker (the smaller box on the right), which is also selling well.
Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon provided solar cookers and hay baskets - Photo credit Solar Cooking KoZon
- September 2016: Mali women with disabilities receive assistance with access to solar cooking - Sixty women from Bamako and Sikasso, Mali, attended a workshop organized by Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon in August. With limited ability to gather wood for fuel, the solar cookers and hay baskets have reduced their wood use by 60 to 70%. Read more...
- December 2015: Solar Cooking The Netherlands - KoZon reports: "We have carefully continued this trend in the latest project together with the Association des Femmes Ingénieurs du Mali (AFIMA) in Tiby, in the Segou area. Eight hundred and fifty Women have been trained. From this group, four cooperatives have been created. They were to continue as businesses that would disseminate solar cooking while being coached by AFIMA. However, our partner has decided that it prefers to continue with other charitable projects. We are therefore going our separate ways. We will have the new Renewable Energy Centre near Mbarara ISC, and information and promotion in Ethiopia for the time being. It is regrettable because AFIMA has been of great value in the dissemination of ISC in Mali. To ensure that the cooperatives will be able to continue, we are attempting to link them to the Togo Tilé project."
Photo credit: Braced
- December 2015: Forty-five women receive training on Integrated Cooking Method - 45 women from the towns of Koulikoro, Segou and Mopti were provided with CooKits, heat-retention cookers, and training on the Integrated Cooking Method as part of the Community Initiatives Project Building Resilience to Climate for Extreme (RIC4REC), an effort to preserve natural resources in Mali. More information... - (English version).
Photo credit: United Nations Development Programme
- June 2015: UNDP trains blacksmiths to build solar cookers - In its recently published Annual Report, the United Nations Development Program highlighted its program in rural Mali which trained local village blacksmiths to build solar cookers, solar dryers, and water heaters. Local residents also had solar panels installed on their homes. Roughly 30,000 people have reportedly benefited from this program. Read more...
Mid-day meal being prepared at Mali school - Sun and Ice
- January 2015: Only the cooking food is out in the sun at this Mali school - Stephan Zech, with Sun and Ice, posted this photo of a mid-day meal being prepared at a school in Mali.
World Vision Mali trains students to use various type of solar cookers.
History[]
The Sahelian nation of Mali has been the site of several solar cooking projects. Desertification continues to be an immense problem in this part of Africa. It was reported that only 10% of the land has any forest cover, and deforestation has continued to occur. As in other areas, clearing land for agriculture and grazing was assumed to be the principal reason for the forests' decline, but there was also recognition that over 70% of wood production was used for cooking. Solar cooking offers one way to stem this unwanted development in Mali.
University of Torino
Researchers at the University of Torino, studying the problem, experimented with a wide range of fuel-saving devices, dryers, water heaters, solar lighting panels, and solar cookers. (As one researcher said-, "Every day when I get up (and look at the sun), I see all that energy going to waste.) Considerable study done under the auspices of the University, with joint efforts of the Faculty of Agricultural Science and the Interdepartmental Centre of Women's Studies, has included surveys, interviews, and field analyses of both problems and some suggested solutions. Local associations promoted various fuel saving devices. But in a nation without adequate communication channels (television or daily newspapers) and a population with only a 35% literacy rate, spreading new technology has been difficult. Radio broadcasting was thought to be the most promising dissemination media. Most important in this situation was the awareness of the problem, and the willingness to seek solutions.
Gnibouwa Diassana
One single person, Gnibouwa Diassana, long committed to solar cooking, managed in these circumstances to make and sell solar box cookers. He did this on his own, without assistance even from the NGO he has worked with on other types of projects. This sole person, working only with his son, had a promotion plan for an energy week and even a business plan that would permit expanded production of solar box cookers. He hoped to find partners among women's organizations, but he knew about resistance to change, and rigid gender-based roles, making it difficult for women to pursue the purchase of cookers. He was however a determined man, until he passed away in 2017. Pictures and story, Solar Cooker Review, March 2003).
Lanseri Niare
A project created by an individual was the work of Lanseri Niare, who introduced box cookers, both by teaching people how to build their own cooker and how to use the box when built. Major problems encountered in this project were glass breakage, termites if the box was used on the ground, and the Harmattan period (a severe windy season), which brought so much dust, that even when sunny, cooking was difficult) (Solar Cooker Review, Dec. 98).
KoZon Foundation
One other project, which has proven successful in Mali, operated under the auspices of the KoZon Foundation, a Dutch organization that has been involved in the western African Sahelian nations. From a beginning in Burkina Faso (see above), the efforts of KoZon and its dedicated volunteer Wietske Jongbloed, have introduced CooKits in Mali since 2001. Wietzke has operated at a very grassroots level, taking cookers (mostly using CooKits made in the Sahel to keep cost low) to marketplaces for demonstrations. The CooKits themselves were initially imported from abroad, and then purchased from Burkina Faso. This operation, relatively new, has not yet been evaluated by KoZon, but gradually movied forward, in cooperation with the Association des Femmes Ingénieurs du Mali.
- Main article: History of solar cooking
Archived articles
Climate and culture[]
A 2010 report from Mali’s agriculture ministry said that more than 500,000 hectares of forest are cleared for firewood and charcoal each year in the West African country. But new ways of cooking, using solar power and heat-retention cookers, could cut those losses.[1]
Based on knowledge gained from visiting solar cooking promoters and appropriate technology organizations, J.P. Martin-Vallas has developed some recommendations for solar cooker dissemination in Mali:
- Target cities where firewood is quite expensive, such as in Kayes, Niafunke, and Tombouctou
- Encourage dissemination by women
- Focus on durable box-type solar cookers that accommodate large cooking pots
- Engage local carpenters to make the cookers
- Provide a five-year guarantee for each cooker sold
J.P. Martin-Vallas concluded that imported parabolic-type solar cookers are currently too expensive for most Malians. One way to lower prices, he says, would be to import bulk aluminum sheets and cut panels on site.
The following chart shows some sample annual firewood expenditures for households of 10 people. (Note: In 2005, 500 CFAs was approximately USD $1.)
|
City |
Annual Firewood Expenditure |
|
Kayes |
300,000 |
|
Niafunke |
300,000 |
|
Tombouctou |
280,000 |
|
Douentza |
180,000 |
|
Segou |
150,000 |
|
Waki/Niafunke |
150,000 |
|
Bourem |
120,000 |
|
Koutiala |
100,000 |
|
Koulikoro |
75,000 |
|
Mopti |
75,000 |
|
Kerouane |
60,000 |
Northern part of the country: Desert (Sahel). Southern part of the country: Sunny, little firewood, and populated. (Source: Juan Urrutia Sanz, 2010-Feb-25)
See also
- The climate of Mali - Wikipedia
- Mali Energy Situation - Energypedia
- Discussion of northern Africa's suitability for solar cooking
- Solar cooker dissemination and cultural variables
Resources[]
Possible funding[]
- Find a Kiva microfinance partner in Mali.
- Raising funds through grants and donations
- Soro Yiriwaso, a partner of Save the Children
Project evaluations[]
- August 2006: Digitally Assisted Diffusion of Innovations - Carole St. Laurent (A case is made to encourage the use of instructional videos made in local languages, over printed materials when introducing solar cooking.)
Reports[]
- February 2009: Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2008-2009
- February 2008: Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2007-2008
- February 2007: Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2006-2007
- February 2006: Rapport d’activité sur la cuisine solaire au Mali-2005-2006
- July 2006: Use of the CooKit by Handicapped Women in Mali - Wietske Jongbloed
Discussion groups[]
Audio and video[]
- January 2023:
Cuisson solaire au Mali - Togo Tilé " Une activité qui rayonne"-2
Togo Tilé founder, Seydou Coulibaly, explains how the parabolic solar cooker is used, and provides a tour of their solar cooker and heat-retention cooker manufacturing facility. (video in French)
Articles in the media[]
- January 2023: Lutte contre la déforestation: La cuisson solaire, un trésor sous-estimé - (English version) - Malijet
- April 2020: Mali Removes VAT and Import Duties for Solar - pv magazine
External links[]
Contacts[]
The entities listed below are either based in Mali, or have established solar cooking projects there:
SCI Associates[]
- Main article: Solar Cookers International Association